Federal Govt. Vs. States :: essays research papers

Federal Sovereignty vs. Rights of the States Continued†¦. Federal Sovereignty versus States Rights was not a new problem to the United States. First appearing during the writing of the Constitution and continuing through Hamilton’s Bank and the Federalist Papers, this debate raged right into the 19th century, beginning with the Hartford Convention, where delegates proposed that a state had the right to â€Å"interpose authority† in a case of â€Å"dangerous and palpable infractions.† However, this was only the first in a series of arguments that would in the end, result in civil war. The next major step was the handling of cases for businesses. During the 1810’s and 20’s Chief Justice John Marshall passed made several rulings reducing state power. In Sturges v. Crownshield, he decided that a state could pass bankruptcy laws but could not be applied to debts incurred before the ratification of the law. During Dartmouth College v. Woodward, he ru led that a state (or any party) could not cancel a contract without the consent of the other side. He struck again, in 1815, this time at the New York ferry monopoly by saying that the state could not regulate commerce on borders. Finally, in 1819, he stated that the bank was constitutional and that the federal law was supreme over the states, who had no right to tax it. In doing this, he sharply defined the rights of the states as subordinate to those of the nation’s. However, Marshall’s rulings did not last long. During the term of Andrew Jackson, the Bank was destroyed by the president. Staring with vetoing the renewal of the Bank’s charter, he set out to eliminate what he though was a corrupt monopoly. By demolishing the Bank, he allowed smaller state banks to assume more power. Finally, during the early 1830’s, nullification came into question. In this situation, South Carolina had declared a government law, (tariff bill) void because a convention fo und it to be unconstitutional. While John Calhoun argued that the Constitution was based on false assumptions and that a minority of the nation could reassume its independence. However, Jackson saw the truth. He knew that if a state could ignore the laws then the Union would cease to exist. Because of Jackson’s strong will and the Force Bill (allowing more federal power with the president’s authority to execute revenue laws), South Carolina backed out and the Union was saved†¦. Federal Govt. Vs. States :: essays research papers Federal Sovereignty vs. Rights of the States Continued†¦. Federal Sovereignty versus States Rights was not a new problem to the United States. First appearing during the writing of the Constitution and continuing through Hamilton’s Bank and the Federalist Papers, this debate raged right into the 19th century, beginning with the Hartford Convention, where delegates proposed that a state had the right to â€Å"interpose authority† in a case of â€Å"dangerous and palpable infractions.† However, this was only the first in a series of arguments that would in the end, result in civil war. The next major step was the handling of cases for businesses. During the 1810’s and 20’s Chief Justice John Marshall passed made several rulings reducing state power. In Sturges v. Crownshield, he decided that a state could pass bankruptcy laws but could not be applied to debts incurred before the ratification of the law. During Dartmouth College v. Woodward, he ru led that a state (or any party) could not cancel a contract without the consent of the other side. He struck again, in 1815, this time at the New York ferry monopoly by saying that the state could not regulate commerce on borders. Finally, in 1819, he stated that the bank was constitutional and that the federal law was supreme over the states, who had no right to tax it. In doing this, he sharply defined the rights of the states as subordinate to those of the nation’s. However, Marshall’s rulings did not last long. During the term of Andrew Jackson, the Bank was destroyed by the president. Staring with vetoing the renewal of the Bank’s charter, he set out to eliminate what he though was a corrupt monopoly. By demolishing the Bank, he allowed smaller state banks to assume more power. Finally, during the early 1830’s, nullification came into question. In this situation, South Carolina had declared a government law, (tariff bill) void because a convention fo und it to be unconstitutional. While John Calhoun argued that the Constitution was based on false assumptions and that a minority of the nation could reassume its independence. However, Jackson saw the truth. He knew that if a state could ignore the laws then the Union would cease to exist. Because of Jackson’s strong will and the Force Bill (allowing more federal power with the president’s authority to execute revenue laws), South Carolina backed out and the Union was saved†¦.

Common Practices in Religion Essay

What is Religion? The term religion comes from the Latin word ‘religare’ which means to bind. In the world today, there are different forms of religious groups and followings that have unique beliefs and practices depending on their history. It is estimated that there are thousands of religions in the world, including the mainstream religious groups and others that are not known. One of the common characteristics of religious groups is that they all believe in the existence of a supreme being. However, there are those who don’t believe in religion. For such people, religion only assumes the existence of a supreme being while there is no substantive evidence to support the said belief. According to Norris & Inglehart, through the practice of atheism, atheists believe that religion is just a fallacy that might have developed in the past and passed on from generation to generation through the various teachings in culture (2011). For enthusiasts, the reason people are afraid to question religious teachings is because of the fear of repercussions that are likely to occur due to such disbelief. Under this context, religion was assumed to be a creation of scholarly studies in the past with philosophers trying to establish how religion came into being. The major question is what religion is all about and what entails the aspects of it. For most people, there is a thin line between culture and religion. This explains why different cultures have their specific religion and beliefs. However, there are various contentious issues that have never been solved over the years. One thing that would totally shift the paradigm and, in extension, the balance of nature, is if it turned out that no supreme beings the religions are based upon exist. Such a situation would totally erode the gains made in the religious world today and also lead to mass confusion among the staunch religious followers. However, some of the religious beliefs are so strong  that they cannot be influenced by any emerging trend regarding their faith. â€Å"Most of the common definition of religion excludes some fundamental facts about religion and offering an adequate explanation of what religion is† (Hood et al., 2009). From a general perspective, religion is commonly defined as the belief in God. This belief, however, is considered as vague as it excludes some of the ideas that characterize some religious followings such as atheism. If religion was to be solely defined as the belief in God, what would the other religious groups that either believe in a different supreme being and those of atheism be referred to as? This tendency of generalization is what often causes some misconception that is associated with how religion is defined. Then what is the worldview of religion and how is it defined in different places around the world? There are arguments that religion is not hard to define, but rather it is the people themselves who often create the confusion regarding its definition. According to Heelas (2005), one of the greatest challenges is how to define religion without excluding any religious beliefs or followings in the word today. However, there is a conventional way of defining religion which incorporates the primary fundamentals of religion. The following are the fundamentals of religion; The belief in a supernatural being. A clear distinction of what is regarded as the moral way of doing things in accordance with the different religious beliefs and practices. Various rituals that are commonly attributed to the religious groups from different parts of the world. Religious groups have various rituals that characterize the specific religion and establish a code of conduct in which members are supposed to operate. A specific way of communicating with God is done through prayers. However, distinct religious groups have a specific way of praying and other practices that accompany prayers. Different religious feelings that are often experienced whenever the practice is taking place. In some religious groups, members engage in incarnations and a sense of adoration. In other groups, however, there is always the aspect of guilt and repentance during religious sermons. From this approach, the worldview related to religion and what religion entails becomes clear. In most cases, it is believed that religion and religious groups in extensions are very different. This explains why there is no single approach as to what entails  religious practices. However, there is a common characteristic of religion that can be used to generalize the practice from a worldview perspective. In the world today, religion continues to shape the life of the people, whereby the religious followings and teachings provide a guideline on how people are supposed to live and interact with each other and with God. The mainstream religious groups attract millions of followers, which is an indication of just how strong religious faith is. In addition, there are thousands of religious followings that are not captured in the mainstream studies of religion but continue to exist with their distinct religious practices. Religion can, therefore, be universally defined as a compilation of religious systems that share a common belief and focus on the unique characteristics of the members of religious faith. References Heelas, P., Woodhead, L., Seel, B., Tusting, K., & Szerszynski, B. (2005). The Spiritual Revolution: Why Religion is Giving Way to Spirituality. Blackwell. Hood Jr, R. W., Hill, P. C., & Spilka, B. (2009). Psychology of religion: An empirical approach. Guilford Press. Norris, P., & Inglehart, R. (2011). Sacred and secular: Religion and politics worldwide. Cambridge University Press.

Manson Family Member Tex Watson

Charles Tex Watson went from being an A student in his Texas high school to being Charles Mansons right-hand man and a cold-blooded murderer. He led the killing spree at both the Tate and LaBianca residences and participated in killing each member of both households. Found guilty of killing seven people, Watson is now living his life out in prison, he is an ordained minister, married and father of three, and claims he feels remorse for those he murdered. Charles Watsons Childhood Years Charles Denton Watson was born in Dallas, Texas on December 2, 1945. His parents settled in Copeville, Texas, a small impoverished town where they worked at the local gas station and spent time at their church. The Watsons believed in the American dream and worked hard to provide better lives for their three children, of which Charles was the youngest. Their lives were financially modest, but their children were happy and following proper paths. Early Teens and College Years As Charles got older he became involved in his parents church, the Copeville Methodist Church. There he led devotions for the church youth group and regularly attended the Sunday night evangelistic services. In  high school, he was an honor roll student and a  good athlete and earned the reputation as a local track star by breaking records in high hurdles. He also worked as the editor of the school paper. Watson was determined to attend college and worked at an onion packing plant to save money. Living in his small hometown was beginning to close in on him and the thought of gaining freedom and independence by attending college 50 miles away from home was appealing. In September 1964, Watson went to Denton, Texas and began his first year at North Texas State University (NTSU). His parents were proud of their son and Watson was excited and ready to enjoy his newfound freedom. At college academia quickly took a second seat to going to parties. Watson joined the Pi Kappa Alpha fraternity in his second semester and his focus switched from his classes to sex and alcohol. He participated in some of the fraternity pranks, some more serious than others. One involved stealing, and for the first time in his life  he had to disappoint his parents by admitting he broke the law. His parents lectures failed to deter his wish to get back to the campus fun. Watsons First Exposure to Drugs In January 1967 he began working at Braniff Airlines as a baggage boy. He earned free airline tickets which he used to impress his girlfriends by taking them for weekend trips to Dallas and Mexico. He was getting a taste for a world away from Texas and he liked it. During a visit to a fraternity brothers home in Los Angeles, Watson was taken in by the psychedelic atmosphere of drugs and free love which took over Sunset Strip during the 60s. From Texas to California Against his parents wishes, by August 1967, Watson left NTSU and was on his way to total freedom - Los Angeles. To keep a promise to his parents to finish college he began attending classes at Cal State in business administration. His cherished frat clothes were tossed away for the cooler hippie look and his preferred high switched from alcohol to marijuana. Watson enjoyed becoming part of the group who separated themselves from the establishment and they accepted him. Within months of being there, Watson took a job as a wig salesman and quit Cal State. He moved to West Hollywood and  then to Laurel Canyon in a house behind the strip. His mother came to visit him just one time after he was hurt in a serious car accident. Unimpressed with his lifestyle, she begged him to return to Texas and although a part of him wanted to return to his hometown, pride kept him from going. He would not see her again until after he was on the run for killing seven people. Watson began dealing marijuana and he and his roommate opened a wig shop called Love Locs. It closed quickly and Watson began relying on drug dealing to pay for his new Malibu beach home. His desires to earn money soon dissipated to wanting to get high, go to rock concerts and lay on the beach. He finally evolved into what he thought was a full-time hippie and he felt he had found his place in the world. The Meeting That Changed His Life Forever Watsons life changed forever after picking up a hitchhiker who was Dennis Wilson, a member of the rock group, the Beach Boys. After arriving at Wilsons Pacific Palisades mansion, Wilson invited Watson up to see the house and meet the people hanging out there. He was introduced to various people, including Dean Moorehouse, an ex-Methodist minister and Charlie Manson. Wilson invited Watson to return to the mansion anytime to hang out and swim in the Olympic-sized pool. The mansion was filled with dropouts who hung out doing drugs and listening to music. Waston eventually moved into the mansion where he mingled with rock musicians, actors, children of stars, Hollywood producers, Charlie Manson and members of the Manson Love Family. He was impressed with himself, the boy from Texas - rubbing elbows with the famous and he was drawn to Manson and his family, drawn to Mansons prophesizing and to the relationship his family members seemed to have with one another. Heavy Hallucinogens Watson began doing heavy hallucinogens regularly and became consumed by a new drug-induced perspective in which he believed love and deep bonds to others were formed. He described it as a kind of connection even deeper and better than sex. His friendship with Dean had deepened as well as with many of Mansons girls, both of whom encouraged Watson to rid himself from his ego, and join the Manson family. Joining the Manson Family: Wilson began to pull away from the regulars who were living in his mansion after complaints of sexual child abuse circulated. His manager told Dean, Watson and others living there that they would have to move. With nowhere to go, Dean and Watson turned to Charlie Manson. Acceptance wasnt immediate, but in time Watsons name changed from Charles to Tex, he turned over all of his possessions to Charlie and moved in with the family. Next Helter-Skelter See Also: The Manson Family Photo Album Source:Desert Shadows by Bob MurphyHelter Skelter by Vincent Bugliosi and Curt GentryThe Trial of Charles Manson by Bradley Steffens

Essay on Drones Unmanned Aerial Vehicles - 3207 Words

Like much of today’s technology, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles attribute their creation to the military. The idea of using unmanned aircraft has long been a dream for the military -- scouting planes without any casualties to report should something go wrong, air strikes with only time and money to lose, and the ability to wage war without losing a single life. Well the third one may perhaps not be realistic – as Afghanistan has shown, lack of ground troops leaves certain entities unchecked.1 However, it may be argued that â€Å"they represent a significant step toward the eventual automation of the battlefield—one in which teleoperated or robotic systems replace many soldiers.†2 Either way, these machines do create a less expensive and more†¦show more content†¦Naturally, without the military’s deep pockets, research in this department is much slower. It is becoming clear that UAVs will slowly replace piloted aircraft. â€Å"Decades from now, much—if not most—of the Air Force’s firepower will likely come from UAVs. They will conduct almost all missions now assigned to manned aircraft, from intelligence gathering and counter-air operations, to operational and even strategic attack.†6 See the section on Possible Uses. What are UAVs? Unmanned Aerial Vehicles are (the name is deceptive I know) airplanes that fly without a pilot aboard. UAVs can be directed by an external controller or be pre-programmed. Sizes vary greatly on these machines; they can be as small as a couple feet, to having a 200-foot wingspan, larger than the Boeing 747.7 UAVs come in many different designs; they can be anything from â€Å"model airplanes to missiles to ball-shaped vehicles with helicopter blades.†8 Currently, these vehicles carry only non-lethal payloads, however unmanned aerial combat vehicles are in the works.9 Often UAVs that are remotely piloted are referred to as RPVs, or remotely piloted vehicles. These â€Å"low-cost joystick-controlled† machines provide â€Å"a significant boost to U.S. war-fighting capability.†10 These machines can remain above targets for extended periods of time taking high-resolution pictures. â€Å"It is this ‘persistentShow MoreRelatedDrone Warfare : Unmanned Aerial Vehicles1669 Words   |  7 PagesDrone warfare, first strongly used by the Central Intelligence Agency to target Osama bin Laden after he led a series of attack in the United States on September eleventh. During the time of Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom, drones had a usage time of approximately 100,000 flight hours when performing tasks in these operations. Also known as unmanned aerial vehicles, the primary use of drones today is for surveillance. However, during recent years, drones have had other usesRead MoreDrones : Unmanned Aerial Vehicles1198 Wo rds   |  5 PagesDrones have recently hit the news time and time again within the last decade, and frequently lead to a debate. The majority of those heated conversations often involve the United States of America. Those passionate discussions have ignited a spark in a series of countless debates dealing with drones and the future they possess with the United States of America. Some may not know, but drones are also known as Unmanned Aerial Vehicles or UAV’s for short. A UAV is exactly what it sounds like. FirstRead MoreDrones : Unmanned Aerial Vehicles1246 Words   |  5 Pageswhen we hear the word drone, most of us automatically add the word â€Å"attack† on the end or think of something negative. That’s because mostly, drones are frequently used for surveillance, intelligence and, ultimately, offensive operations. Drones also known as ‘Unmanned Aerial Vehicles’, or UAV’s are mostly used in situations where manned flight is too difficul t or dangerous, making them ideal for warfare. Increasingly, the United States has come to rely on the use of drones to counter the terroristRead MoreDrones And Unmanned Aerial Vehicles1714 Words   |  7 PagesDrones or Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are aircrafts, remotely controlled by on the ground pilots or autonomous programing, which may be equipped with missiles and bombs for attack missions. Drones have become a major strategy instrument in U.S. counterterrorism program. In Yemen, Somalia, Iraq, Pakistan, and Afghanistan, U.S. drones observe these countries from the skies and occasionally are used to launch lethal strikes against suspected terrorists. According to the Bureau of Investigative JournalismRead MoreDrones : An Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ( Uav )1062 Words   |  5 PagesDrones, a more recent topic of controversy are changing the views of the world, some suspect for the better while other believe for the worse. Until recently, drones have become increasingly popul ar and have influenced an increase in civilian use. Drones hold a substantial amount of benefits as they do negative. As drones become more popular, deeper regulations should be put in place. Protecting the society is the top priority. To do this, the government needs to regulate drone use for governmentRead MoreIntroducing The Hydro Drone : An Unmanned Aerial Vehicle894 Words   |  4 PagesIntroducing the Hydro Drone The global drone market has exploded in the last few years. A drone is an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) piloted by a remote control or computer. Hobbyists use drones to capture stunning aerial footage that used to be captured with a helicopter and cinematographer. The UAV industry is becoming more than a hobby, the commercialization of UAV applications, such as delivering packages and medical supplies to remote locations, has become a reality. The worldwide drone industry wasRead MoreAerial vehicle is also known as drone. It’s an aircraft without a human pilot on it mostly under1700 Words   |  7 PagesAerial vehicle is also known as drone. It’s an aircraft without a human pilot on it mostly under control of the American government. Its flight pattern is organized either autonomously by computer systems or by remote control from ground base or some other vehicle. The typical launch and recovery/landing method of a UAV is monitored by an exterior on the ground. In the beginning, UAVs were simple unmanned aerial vehicles to which remote control came gradually which advanced to autonomous controlRead MoreShould U.S.A. Use Drones to Combat Terrorism?1154 Words   |  5 Pages The CIA and the U.S. military have been using drones for more than 100 years, but only in the past 10 years the public has realized how powerful this technology is. Drones should be used to combat terrorism in Afghanistan because they are a step into the future for warfare. Drones are some of the most used technologies that are used to combat terrorism in foreign countries, and there is a reason for that. Drones are used to spy, track, and assassinate high priority terrorists. Regular ways of warfareRead MoreUnmanned Aerial Vehicle Is The Future Of Package Delivery1193 Words   |  5 Pagesplane, no it’s a delivery drone. Delivery drones are the future of package delivery. A delivery drone is an unmanned aerial vehicle. Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV’s) have a long rich history of good and bad testimonials, â€Å"the first noted use was in 1849 by the Australians when they launched two hundred pilotless balloons mounted with bombs against the city of Venice†11. An other milestone took shape during World War II when countries employed the use of radio controlled unmanned bombers. The last sixtyRead MoreU nmanned Aerial Vehicles780 Words   |  3 PagesDrones or UAVs (unmanned aerial vehicles), have been around for a number of years. The concept of drones started as an aerial target practice to train military personnel during World War 1. Innovation for drones quickly grew from an aerial target to an aerial torpedo that would explode at a specific time. Today drones are directed by self-guiding computers or a manually operated by a particular remote control. They are now more commonly known for their military use, not for their versatility usage

Post Partum Depression A Depression That Occurs After...

Simply defined Post partum depression is a depression that occurs after childbirth. Post-partum depression or PPD can be experienced by not only the new mother but the partner and new born as well. However given the high rate in which it affects the partner, the availability of resources that can be used to resolve PPD is very low. There is also a substantial lack of knowledge about PPD and its effects of the new father; this lack of information often leads to negative stigmas and judgment. Although the notion that Fathers can experience PPD is new and often accepted by medical professionals, the complexities of PPD that are presented in our society are the lack of information and resources given to the new fathers who suffer from PPD. The definition of PPD as stated by the A.D.A.M. Medical Encyclopedia of America is â€Å"depression suffered by a mother following childbirth, typically arising from the combination of hormonal changes, psychological adjustment to motherhood, and fatigue.†(A.D.A.M, 2015) This definition cannot be used to accurately describe the cause and effect of PPD in males; in fact the definition completely neglects to consider that males are affected by PPD at all. This quote was taken from the most current 2015 edition and even though there have been a few studies that have proved PPD effects the male partners of a new mother it would seem that they have not yet been accounted for within the Medical Encyclopedia of America. This proposed notion was alsoShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Hypnobirthing On Women During Labor1638 Words   |  7 Pagesto other studies of hypnosis and childbirth. After program and childbirth completion, 90 program participants from Australia, women ranging in age from 24 to 42, who had had complication-free vaginal births, were sent a questionnaire asking for specific information on their birth experiences to be considered for the study. The survey results find that although HypnoBirthing participants have similar labor experiences to other women who use hypnosis for childbirth, the majority of HypnoBirthing participantsRead MoreEssay on The Causes of Depression1545 Words   |  7 PagesDepression I am choosing to write my paper on depression for a couple different reasons. The first of these is that I have suffered from it for the last little bit of my adult life. Depression has not been an easy thing for me, or my family. There are many different symptoms of depression, and I have suffered a lot of these personally. The second reason I chose depression is that I wanted to gain a greater knowledge on the matter, and know how to better handle problems I am faced with. DepressionRead MoreOaea Case Study779 Words   |  4 PagesOmegas have been thought to play a role in perinatal depression by affecting depression neurotransmitters and receptors in the brain. Furthermore, analysis has shown that n-3 PUFA levels are decreased in depressed individuals in contrast to individuals not depressed. A double blind, randomized, placebo controlled study was conducted for 6 weeks. The participants had to meet the DSM-IV criteria for major depression and be within the timeline of third tri mester to six months postnatal. The participantsRead MorePostpartum Depression : Post Partum Depression1599 Words   |  7 Pageswhat could cause a mother to murder her own children. Two words became a significant part of her legal team’s defense: â€Å"postpartum depression† (Cohen). A public dialogue was opened and the issue of postpartum depression saw a significant shift in awareness. This new era of enlightenment would be considerably different from the earlier history of post-partum depression and some of the shame that surrounded it. Beyond Andrea Yates, other women have increased the prominence of the mental disorder inRead MorePostpartum Depression Essay2237 Words   |  9 Pagespregnancy, a major concern that requires attention is a period of expected feelings of depression that a woman may encounter known as baby blues. Although normal, and expected baby blues can lead into post partum depression that involves a myriad of emotions and mood swings. If not addressed postpartum depression can lead to a more severe form of baby blues known in the clinical world as postpartum non-psychotic depression that requires professional intervention. The therapeutic goal during this time isRead MoreThe Predictors Of Postpartum Depression1227 Words   |  5 PagesPREDICTORS OF POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION Predictors of Postpartum Depression Angela Woods NR439 Evidence Based Practice Professor Jeanie Bachand Chamberlain College of Nursing October, 08,2017 Introduction In today’s society some women are reluctant about starting a family. These women aren’t just looking at the financial obligations that accompany parenting but many are looking at the physical and emotional changes that some women endure during the postpartum period. There is reluctanceRead Moreâ€Å"Postpartum Depression Affects 10% To 20% Of Women After1612 Words   |  7 Pages â€Å"Postpartum depression affects 10% to 20% of women after delivery, regardless of maternal age, race, parity, socioeconomic status, or level of education†.( Consise) Postpartum depression is a major depression episode that occurs after childbirth affecting not only the mother but also the child and family members. After the delivery of the placenta extending for about six weeks this is considered as as the postpartum period. This a critical period for the mother and new born physiological andRead MorePostpartum Depression During The Postpartum Period1500 Words   |  6 PagesThis is a time where mothers restore muscle tone and connective tissue in the body after the birth of the baby. Although there is a dramatic change during the postpartum period, women’s body is nonetheless not fully stored to pre-pregnant physiology until about 6 months post-delivery (Osailan, 6). At this time, women need to receive special health and social support to prevent problems such a s postpartum depression. During this period, culture plays a major role in the way a woman perceives and preparesRead MoreThe Anatomy And Physiology Of The Uterus1836 Words   |  8 Pagesbody, requiring assistance from the fallopian tubes. These tubes propel the ovum from the ovary to the uterus and fertilization takes place within the fallopian tubes, allowing the zygote to be propelled into the uterus for implantation. Menstruation occurs due to the endometrial layers shedding through the vagina, when implantation does not take place. The vagina is a muscular, tubular canal that is connected to the uterus; it provides a passage for the penis during sexual intercourse and serves a purposeRead MoreThe Birth Of The Pregnancy1524 Words   |  7 Pageswoman s uterus. A normal childbirth can be categorized into three levels of labor they are: the dilation of the cervix, birth of the infant, and the delivery of the placenta or afterbirth. There is a trend that has been rising where th e mother consumes the placenta after the birth. This is supposed to retain the vitamins and minerals that were present while the woman was pregnant and is a way to continue to give the same vitamins and minerals to the infant for a time after the birth. Standards of

Salvia Divinorum Free Essays

Salvia Divinorum is a hallucinogenic Mexican herb known as â€Å"diviner’s mint† in the US and is typically a natural substance that has the ability to cause intense hallucinations â€Å"out of body† experiences, and a short-term memory loss. Although this substance is legal in the United States despite of the herb’s hallucinogenic properties, this stuff is generally not considered as therapeutic despite of the notion that it was also used for curing by the Mazatic, and is more likely to be use as recreational drugs by adolescents because of mind altering properties of this substance. Because of these properties, Salvia Divinorum should be classified as a potential source of restricted drugs along with Marijuana or the Cannabis sativa and products derived from this herb should be considered as restricted drugs. We will write a custom essay sample on Salvia Divinorum or any similar topic only for you Order Now A mysterious plant that is both puzzling and perplexing, this herb was described botanically by Carl Epling and Carlos D. Jativa in 1962 through the help of two Americans, Albert Hofman a chemist, and Gordon Wasson, an ethno mycologist investigating Mazatic rituals (Clebsh Barner p. 06). Growing only in the territory lived in by the Mazatic Indians of Oaxaca, Mexico; the Maztic Indians use this plant along with other ingredients for their hallucinogenic properties â€Å"in divinatory rituals† (p. 106). According to Clebsch and Barner, It was reported that if this salvia was ingested â€Å"it would produce an illusory experience† (p. 106). Apparently, this stuff when ingested produces strange feelings that could be similar to the effects of particular drugs such as Marijuana and other prohibited drugs. Daniel J. Siebert pointed out that the effect of taking Salvinorin A(an encapsulated product from salvia divinorum), includes seeing visions of people, objects, and places, and with doses above one mg user will experience out body experiences and may get up or move around with no clear awareness of their actions or behavior (p. 55). Furthermore, during the most intense phase of the experience, Siebert noted that user of this substance speak nonsense and even laugh hysterically. Siebert summarized the feelings experiences that could be had by any taking substance derived from salvia divinorum as follows: User sees objects such as yellow plaid French fries, a drawer and even ferries wheel; a visions of various dimensional objects; body loss and even identity; uncontrollable hysterical laughter; and different feelings of motion, or being twisted or pulled by forces of some kind (p. 55). From this feelings and experiences resulting from the use of salvia divinorum there is a considerable evidence that this substance could produce drugs that with effect similar or might even harmful than the effect of marijuana. The irony is that this drug is not restricted in the United States thus companies promoting drugs derived from this herb are free to promote these types of substances on the internet sites targeting younger adults and adolescents. According to information released by DEA, Drug Diversion Program entitled â€Å"Drugs of Chemical Concern: Salvia Divinorum† this substance is being smoked and its effect are described by users similar to other restricted drugs (WWW. Streetdrugs. org). Based on new pharmacological findings and the description of users of this substance, salvia divinorum should be classified as potential source of restricted drugs and that government authorities should closely monitor and act decisively against the liberal use of this substance. Just like other restricted substance that causes potential harm to the user when taken liberally, this substance are prone to abuse and may also cause potential harm to the users. While, there seems to be no clear physical benefit on the use of this stuff aside from the notion of relaxation, the abnormal behavior of the person when at the peak of experience of this drugs, is a clear indication of the potential harm this substance may cause on the users. Work Cited Clebsch, Betsy Barner, Carol D. The New Books of Salvias USA: Timber Press, 2003 â€Å"Salvia Divinorum† WWW. Streetdrugs.org http://www.streetdrugs.org/salvia2.htm Siebert, Daniel Salvia divinorum and Salvinorin A: new pharmacological findings Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd., 1994 http://www.sagewisdom.org/siebertjep94.pdf How to cite Salvia Divinorum, Papers

Atomic Bomb Necessary Essay Example For Students

Atomic Bomb Necessary Essay annon August 6th, 1945, 70,000 lives were ended in a matter of seconds. The United States had dropped an atomic bomb on the city of Hiroshima. Today many argue over whether or not the US should have taken such a drastic measure. Was it entirely necessary that we drop such a devastating weapon? Yes, it was. First, we must look at what was going on at the time the decision was made. The US had been fighting a massive war since 1941. Morale was most likely low, and resources were probably at the same level as morale. However, each side continued to fight, and both were determined to win. Obviously, the best thing that could have possibly have happened would have been to bring the war to a quick end, with a minimum of casualties. What would have happened had the A-bomb not been used? The most obvious thing is that the war would have continued. US forces; therefore, would have had to invade the home island of Japan. Imagine the number of casualties that could have occurred if this would have happened! Also, our forces would not only have to fight off the Japanese military, but they would have to defend themselves against the civilians of Japan as well. It was also a fact that the Japanese government had been equipping the commoners with any kind of weapon they could get their hands on. It is true that this could mean a Japanese citizen could have anything from a gun to a spear, but many unsuspecting soldiers might have fallen victim to a surprise spear attack! The number of deaths that would have occurred would have been much greater, and an invasion would have taken a much longer period of time. The Japanese would have continued to fight the US with all of what they had; spears, guns, knives, whatever they could get their hands on, just as long as they continued to fight the enemy. As mentioned before, it is a fact that some civilians had been ready to fight our military with spears! What made it possible that the Japanese would resort to using spears? Why wouldnt they use guns or other weapons? Well, the truth was, the government just didnt have the resources to give out a gun to just any citizen. US naval blockades are one of the major reasons that Japan was so low on resources, and a main point opponents of the decision to drop the bomb constantly bring up. Japan obviously was very low on resources. Japanese civilians were ready to die with spears in their hands, surely the military would do the same. Besides, the Japanese military did still have some resources to go on. So again I must bring out the fact that Japan could have continued to fight, and they would have. And Im sure anyone can realize what would happen if the war continued; more deaths. Admiral William Leahy, Chief of Staff to President Roosevelt and President Truman, wrote, By the beginning of September 1944, Japan was almost completely defeated through a practically complete sea and air blockade. If that was true, how could they have continued to fight and rack up enemy kills? If the Chief of Staff to the President figured they would soon surrender around September 1944; why were they still fighting almost a year later? And how can we be so sure that any other estimates on when the war would end would be correct? Basically, we cant. For all anyone knows, Japan would have kept fighting. It was the atomic bomb that forced Japan to surrender and in turn saved thousands if not millions of lives. .ub63052c86bd28e4a5677a88779426057 , .ub63052c86bd28e4a5677a88779426057 .postImageUrl , .ub63052c86bd28e4a5677a88779426057 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub63052c86bd28e4a5677a88779426057 , .ub63052c86bd28e4a5677a88779426057:hover , .ub63052c86bd28e4a5677a88779426057:visited , .ub63052c86bd28e4a5677a88779426057:active { border:0!important; } .ub63052c86bd28e4a5677a88779426057 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub63052c86bd28e4a5677a88779426057 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub63052c86bd28e4a5677a88779426057:active , .ub63052c86bd28e4a5677a88779426057:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub63052c86bd28e4a5677a88779426057 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub63052c86bd28e4a5677a88779426057 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub63052c86bd28e4a5677a88779426057 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub63052c86bd28e4a5677a88779426057 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub63052c86bd28e4a5677a88779426057:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub63052c86bd28e4a5677a88779426057 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub63052c86bd28e4a5677a88779426057 .ub63052c86bd28e4a5677a88779426057-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub63052c86bd28e4a5677a88779426057:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Albert Einstein Biography EssayHow can anyone be so sure that Japan would continue to fight? No one can say exactly what would have happened, because lets face it, no one really knows. Its possible Japan was just about to surrender, but most evidence would not agree with that statement. Im sure most have heard of a group of men called the Kamikaze. Kamikaze were suicide pilots. They would load an airplane up with explosives and try to nose-dive it into an enemy target. Think about what must be on this pilots mind. Imagine the undying love he must have for his country. He would fight until the end, for his emperor and his country. The scary thing about this is the majority of the Japanese military thought this way. The fact that the enemy is ready to die so long as you die with him is not something a soldier wants to think about before going into battle. .